Zinthu zolekanitsa mpweya: Kuchulukitsa kwa mafuta opanga mafakitale

Zinthu zolekanitsa mpweya: kukulitsa chithunzi cha gasi

Kufotokozera kwaifupi:

Kampaniyo imapereka zida zingapo zolekanitsidwa ndi mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ngati metaldurgy, petrochemical, ndi astospace. Sinthani njira ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.

Tumizani imelo kwa ife

Tsatanetsatane wazogulitsa

Matamba a malonda

Mawonekedwe a malonda

Mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya (Asus) ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri ndikuchita zofunikira pakupanga njira zomwe zimafunikira mipweya yoyera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatula zigawo za mpweya ngati mpweya, nayitrogeni, argon, helium ndi mipweya ina yabwino. ASU imagwira ntchito pa mfundo ya firiji ya crybogenic, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mwayi wosiyanasiyana wa mpweya woyenera kudzipatula.

Njira yolekanitsira mpweya imayamba pomuthandiza komanso yozizira kutentha mpaka kutentha kochepa kwambiri. Izi zitha kuchitika kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukula kwa liquefaction, momwe mpweya umakulira kenako ndikuzizira mpaka kutentha pang'ono. Kapenanso, mpweya ukhoza kusungidwa ndi utakhazikika musanakhale wakhungu. Nyama ikafika kudera lamadzimadzi, imatha kulekanitsidwa mu gawo lokonzanso.

Mu gawo la distillation, mpweya wamadzimadzi umatenthedwa mosamala kuti muwiritse. Kuwiritsa kumachitika, mpweya wosasunthika, monga nayitrogeni, womwe zithupsani pa -196 ° C, Vaporize woyamba. Njira yosinthira iyi imachitika mosiyanasiyana mu nsanjayo, kulola kuti mpweya uliwonse uleledwe ndikusonkhanitsa. Kupatukana kumakwaniritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotentha pakati pa mipweya.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimasiyanitsa mpweya chomera ndi kuthekera kwake kubweretsa mafuta ambiri oyera. Mipweya iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kupanga kopanga, kupanga mankhwala, ndi zaumoyo. Mulingo wa chiyero womwe umapezeka ndi gawo lolekanitsa mpweya ndiwofunikira kuti asunge bwino malonda, kusintha chitetezo ndikuwonetsetsa zoyenera.

Kusintha kwa chomera cholekanitsidwa kwa mpweya ndikoyeneranso kuzindikirika. Magawo awa akhoza kupangidwa kuti atulutse zosakanikirana zamasamba zoyenera zamakampani osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, m'makampani opanga, maofesi olekanitsa mpweya amatha kupangidwa kuti apange mpweya woyatsidwa ndi mpweya, womwe umawonjezera kuyamwa ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Momwemonso, m'makampani azachipatala, mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya amatulutsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popuma mankhwala.

Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zolekanitsa mpweya zakhazikika pamagulu omwe amathandizira kuwunikira zakutali ndi kugwira ntchito. Izi zimathandiza kuti kusintha kwamitengo yamagesi yopanga mpweya, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndalama zambiri zizigwiritsa ntchito moyenera malinga ndi zofunika. Zinthu zokhazokha zimathandizira kukonza mphamvu zogwiritsidwa ntchito, kuwonjezera luso lantchito ndikuchepetsa mtengo.

Chitetezo ndichofunika kwambiri pa ntchito iliyonse yamafakitale. Zomera za mpweya zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotetezeka kuti zitsimikizire thanzi la ogwira ntchito komanso kukhulupirika kwa njirayi. Izi zimaphatikizapo njira zokhazokha zotsekemera, ma alarms ndikukakamizidwa kukakamizidwa. Ogwiritsa ntchito mpweya oyendetsa ndege amaphunzitsidwa mwadongosolo kuti athetse zochitika zilizonse zomwe zingachitike mwadzidzidzi ndikusunga chitetezo chantchito.

Pomaliza, maendeti olekanitsa mpweya ndi ofunikira kuti alekanitse zigawo zikuluzikulu za mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mfundo zotsika kwambiri zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito zimatha kupatukana m'matunga ndikupereka zinthu zazitali. Kusinthasintha, njira zapamwamba komanso zinthu zachitetezo zimapangitsa ASU patsogolo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Monga ukadaulo ukupitilirabe, mayunitsi olekanitsa a mpweya adzatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakukumana ndi zomwe zikukula bwino.

Ntchito Zogulitsa

Mayoni olekanitsa mpweya (Asus) amatenga mbali yofunika kwambiri m'makampani osiyanasiyana polekanitsa mpweya kulowa m'malo akuluakuluwo, ndiye nayitrogeni, oxygen ndi argon. Mipweya iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku metalloggy, petrochemamical, mankhwala amoto, feteleza, osasungunuka, amboprosteri ndi minda ina. Makampani monga athu omwe amawunikira zida zolekanitsa mpweya umapereka zinthu zokwanira zinthu kuti zikwaniritse zofunika zosiyanasiyana zamakampaniyi.

Zomera zathu zolekanitsidwa ndi mpweya zimapangidwa mosamala ndikumangiriridwa kuti zitsimikizire bwino ntchito komanso kudalirika kwambiri. Ndiukadaulo wapamwamba komanso njira zoyenera zowongolera, timanyadira popereka zida zoyambirira zomwe zimakumana ndi miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri.

Chimodzi mwa makampani ofunikira opindula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya ndi metaldurgy. Oxygen opangidwa ndi mpweya wopatukana wa mpweya amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga kupanga chitsulo. Kuthamangitsidwa kwa oxygen kumawonjezera ng'anjo yolumikizira, zomwe zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuwongolera bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, nayitrogeni ndi Argon amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa, kuzizira komanso ngati njira yoteteza mumitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mu gawo la petrochemical, mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya amapereka gwero lokhazikika komanso lodalirika la mipweya yofunikira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Oxygen amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ethylene oxide ndi propylene oxide, pomwe nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotupa kuti aletse kuphulika ndi moto pa nthawi yosungirako ndikugwiririra. Kulekanitsa mpweya muzinthu zake mu gawo lolekanitsa mpweya kumapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ogwirira ntchito mankhwala ofunikira kwa ma petrochemical.

Makampani ogulitsa malasha apindulanso kwambiri kuchokera ku gawo lolekanitsa mpweya. Oxygen omwe amapangidwa ndi gawo lolekanitsa mpweya amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala amoto, njira yomwe malasha amasinthira kukhala synthesis gasi yophatikizanso mankhwala. Syngas ili ndi haidrojeni, kaboni monoxide ndi zina zofunika kuti apange mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa feteleza. Nitrogen, zomwe zimapangidwa pamiyeso yambiri polekanitsa mpweya, ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pa feteleza. Miteke ya nayitrogeni yofunika yofunika kulimbikitsa kukula kwamera kwabwino chifukwa nayitrogeni ndi michere yofunika yazomera. Mwa kupereka gwero lodalirika la nayitrogeni, magawo olekanitsa mpweya thandizo amathandizira kupanga feteleza wamkulu yemwe amasintha zaulimi.

Zosagwetsa chitsulo chosalala, monga kupanga kwa aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa, amadalira ukadaulo wa AUU wazovala za oxygen pakusungunula. Kuwongolera kwa oxygen kuwonjezera kumathandizira kuwongolera kutentha komanso kumachepetsa kuchira kwachitsulo. Kuphatikiza apo, nayitrogeni ndi Argon amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa komanso kupanga zolimbikitsa, kukonza bwino kwambiri komanso mtunduwo.

Mayuniti olekanitsa mpweya amatenganso gawo lofunikira m'makampani a Aerossace. Kudzera mwa zida izi, zamadzimadzi ndi gaseous nayitrogeni ndi mpweya zimatha kupangidwa ku ndege ndi spacecraft. Mipweya iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeserera kabati, ma tank tank kuwerengera ndi njira zosinthira mu Aerossace ntchito, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti atetezedwe ndi mphamvu ya ntchito.

Mwachidule, mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya ali ndi ntchito zingapo pamakampani angapo. Pezani zodalirika za nayitrogeni, oxygen ndi argon kudzera mu gawo lolekanitsa la mpweya kuti lithandizire kugwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana monga metalmwargy, mankhwala osalala, ndi ambosteru. Pamene kampani yopanga zida zolekanitsa mpweya, timapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za mafakitalewa, zimawonetsetsa kuti ndizovuta komanso zotulutsa zapamwamba.