Zamadzimadzi za Cryogenic ndi zinthu zomwe zimasungidwa kutentha kwambiri, komwe kumakhala pansi -150 digiri Celsius. Zamadzimadzi izi, mongajson.Mzere ngati nayitrogeni wamadzi, helium wamadzimadzi, ndi okosijeni wamadzi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, zamankhwala, ndi sayansi. Komabe, kusunga zakumwa za cryogenic kumafuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi kusamala chifukwa cha kutentha kwake kotsika kwambiri komanso zoopsa zomwe zingakhalepo.
Kusunga zakumwa za cryogenic motetezeka, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera ndi njira zosungira zomwe zimapangidwira kutentha kwambiri. Chidebe chimodzi chodziwika bwino chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchitokusunga zakumwa za cryogenicndi vacuum-insulated dewar. Ma dewars awa amakhala ndi chotengera chamkati chomwe chimakhala ndi madzi a cryogenic, ozunguliridwa ndi chotengera chakunja chokhala ndi vacuum pakati pa ziwirizi. Vacuum imeneyi imagwira ntchito ngati kutchinjiriza kuti madzi asatenthedwe komanso kuti kutentha kusalowe m'chidebecho.
Litikusunga zakumwa za cryogenic mu dewar, m’pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chidebecho chikusungidwa m’malo olowera mpweya wabwino kuti mpweya uliwonse umene ungachoke mumadziwo usaunjike. Kuonjezera apo, malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi makina ozindikira gasi ndi mpweya wabwino kuti ayang'anire ndikuchotsa mpweya uliwonse womwe umatuluka.
Ndikofunikiranso kusamalira zakumwa za cryogenic mosamala kuti mupewe zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Mukadzaza dewar ndi madzi a cryogenic, ndondomekoyi iyenera kuchitidwa pamalo abwino kwambiri, ndipo zipangizo zoyenera zodzitetezera, monga magolovesi ndi magalasi, ziyenera kuvala. Kuonjezera apo, kudzazidwa kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe amadziwa bwino kagwiridwe kake ka zakumwa za cryogenic.
Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera zoyenera ndi njira zogwirira ntchito, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo enieni osungira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakumwa za cryogenic. Mwachitsanzo, nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, amene nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m’ma laboratories ndi m’zipatala, ayenera kusungidwa m’malo olowera mpweya wabwino kutali ndi kumene amayatsako moto. M'pofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti malo osungiramo ali ndi zipangizo zothandizira kupanikizika kuti ateteze kuwonjezereka kwa kupanikizika kwakukulu mu chidebecho.
Posunga helium yamadzimadzi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza za cryogenic ndi ma superconducting application, ndikofunikira kuti malo osungiramo azikhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso wopanda zida zilizonse zoyaka. Kuonjezera apo, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe kupanikizika kwambiri kwa chidebe chosungirako, chifukwa helium yamadzimadzi imatha kukula mofulumira ikatenthedwa.
Posungira mpweya wamadzimadzi, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachipatala ndi mafakitale, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kutsatiridwa chifukwa cha okosijeni. Malo osungiramo ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso wopanda zinthu zoyaka moto, ndipo kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti muteteze kusonkhanitsa kwa mpweya wochuluka wa oxygen, womwe ukhoza kubweretsa ngozi ya moto.
Kuphatikiza pa kutsatira malangizowa, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikusunga zotengera zosungirako ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakumwa za cryogenic. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuyang'ana zizindikiro zilizonse zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka, kuonetsetsa kuti zipangizo zothandizira kupanikizika zikugwira ntchito bwino, ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi a cryogenic omwe ali m'mitsuko kuti asadzaze.
Ponseponse, kusunga zakumwa za cryogenic kumafuna kusamalitsa mwatsatanetsatane komanso kutsatira malangizo ena otetezeka. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera, njira zogwirira ntchito, ndi njira zosungiramo zinthu, zoopsa zomwe zingagwirizane ndi zakumwa za cryogenic zikhoza kuchepetsedwa, zomwe zimalola kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito motetezeka komanso mogwira mtima pazochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-14-2024
