Chigawo cholekanitsa mpweya (ASU)ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la mafakitale lomwe limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa zinthu zazikulu zam'mlengalenga, zomwe ndi nayitrogeni, mpweya, ndi argon. Cholinga cha gawo lolekanitsa mpweya ndikulekanitsa zigawozi kuchokera kumlengalenga, kulola kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito muzinthu zosiyanasiyana zamakampani ndi ntchito.
Njira yolekanitsa mpweya ndiyofunikira kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kupanga mankhwala, chisamaliro chaumoyo, ndi zamagetsi. Zigawo zitatu zazikulu za mlengalenga - nayitrogeni, okosijeni, ndi argon - zonse ndizofunika paokha ndipo zimagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Nayitrojeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ammonia popanga feteleza, komanso m'makampani azakudya ndi zakumwa kuti azipaka ndi kusunga. Oxygen ndi yofunikira pazifukwa zachipatala, kudula zitsulo, ndi kuwotcherera, pamene argon amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zitsulo ndi zitsulo, komanso kupanga zipangizo zamagetsi.
Njira yolekanitsa mpweya imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana monga cryogenic distillation, pressure swing adsorption, ndi kupatukana kwa membrane kuti alekanitse zigawo za mpweya potengera zomwe zimawotcha komanso kukula kwa maselo. Cryogenic distillation ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo akuluakulu olekanitsa mpweya, pomwe mpweya umakhazikika ndikusungunuka usanapatulidwe kukhala zigawo zake.
Magawo olekanitsa mpweyaamapangidwa kuti azitulutsa nayitrogeni, okosijeni, ndi argon, omwe amathiridwa madzi kapena kuponderezedwa kuti asungidwe ndi kugawa. Kukhoza kuchotsa zigawozi kuchokera mumlengalenga pamtunda wa mafakitale n'kofunikira kuti akwaniritse zofuna za mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya wodalirika ukupezeka.
Mwachidule, cholinga cha gawo lolekanitsa mpweya ndikuchotsa zigawo zazikulu zamlengalenga - nayitrogeni, oxygen, ndi argon - kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zolekanitsa, magawo olekanitsa mpweya amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popereka mpweya wabwino kwambiri womwe ndi wofunikira pamachitidwe ndi zinthu zambiri zamafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-22-2024
