Tanki ya N₂ Buffer: Kusungirako Nayitrogeni Koyenera kwa Mafakitale
Ubwino wa malonda
Matanki osungira nayitrogeni ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo lililonse la nayitrogeni. Thanki iyi imayang'anira kusunga kuthamanga ndi kuyenda kwa nayitrogeni koyenera mu dongosolo lonselo, kuonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino. Kumvetsetsa makhalidwe a thanki yosungira nayitrogeni ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za thanki ya nayitrogeni ndi kukula kwake. Kukula kwa thanki kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kusunga nayitrogeni wokwanira kuti akwaniritse zosowa za dongosololi. Kukula kwa thanki kumadalira zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa madzi ofunikira komanso nthawi yogwirira ntchito. Thanki ya nayitrogeni yochepa kwambiri ingayambitse kudzazanso madzi pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito isamayende bwino komanso kuchepetsa ntchito. Kumbali ina, thanki yayikulu kwambiri singakhale yotsika mtengo chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito malo ndi zinthu zambiri.
Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri pa thanki ya nayitrogeni ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zake. Matanki ayenera kupangidwa kuti azitha kupirira kupsinjika kwa nayitrogeni yomwe ikusungidwa ndikugawidwa. Kuchuluka kumeneku kumaonetsetsa kuti thankiyo ili yotetezeka ndipo kumapewa kutayikira kapena kulephera kulikonse. Ndikofunikira kufunsa katswiri kapena wopanga kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya thankiyo kukukwaniritsa zofunikira za dongosolo lanu la nayitrogeni.
Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thanki ya nayitrogeni ndi chinthu chofunikira kuganizira. Matanki osungiramo zinthu ayenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri kuti apewe kusintha kwa mankhwala kapena kuwonongeka chifukwa cha nayitrogeni. Zipangizo monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chitsulo cha kaboni chokhala ndi zokutira zoyenera nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo komanso kukana dzimbiri. Zipangizo zomwe zasankhidwa ziyenera kugwirizana ndi nayitrogeni kuti zitsimikizire kuti thankiyo ikhala ndi moyo wautali komanso ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Kapangidwe ka thanki ya N₂ buffer kamakhalanso ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa makhalidwe ake. Matanki opangidwa bwino ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandiza kuti azigwira ntchito bwino komanso azisamalidwa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, matanki osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi ma valve oyenera, ma pressure gauges ndi zida zotetezera kuti zitsimikizire kuti thankiyo ndi yosavuta kuyang'anira ndi kuiwongolera. Komanso, ganizirani ngati thankiyo ndi yosavuta kuyang'ana ndi kusamalira, chifukwa izi zidzakhudza moyo wake wautali komanso wodalirika.
Kukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti thanki ya nayitrogeni ikule bwino. Matanki ayenera kuyikidwa bwino motsatira malangizo a wopanga ndi miyezo ya makampani. Ntchito zowunikira ndi kukonza nthawi zonse, monga kuyang'ana ngati pali kutuluka madzi, kuonetsetsa kuti ma valavu akugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuwunika kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi, ziyenera kuchitika kuti zizindikire mavuto kapena kuwonongeka kulikonse komwe kungachitike. Kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso koyenera kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti athetse mavuto aliwonse kuti apewe kusokonezeka kwa makina ndikusunga bwino thankiyo.
Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka thanki ya nayitrogeni kamakhudzidwa ndi makhalidwe ake osiyanasiyana, omwe makamaka amatsimikiziridwa ndi zofunikira za dongosolo la nayitrogeni. Kumvetsetsa bwino makhalidwe amenewa kumathandiza kusankha, kukhazikitsa, ndi kusamalira bwino thanki, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dongosolo la nayitrogeni likhale logwira ntchito bwino komanso lodalirika.
Mwachidule, makhalidwe a thanki yopangira nayitrogeni, kuphatikizapo kukula kwake, kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika, zipangizo, ndi kapangidwe kake, zimakhudza kwambiri momwe imagwirira ntchito mu dongosolo la nayitrogeni. Kuganizira bwino makhalidwe amenewa kumatsimikizira kuti thankiyo ndi yayikulu bwino, yokhoza kupirira kupanikizika, yomangidwa ndi zipangizo zosagwira dzimbiri, komanso yokhala ndi kapangidwe kabwino. Kukhazikitsa ndi kusamalira nthawi zonse thanki yosungiramo zinthu n'kofunika kwambiri kuti igwire bwino ntchito komanso igwire bwino ntchito. Mwa kumvetsetsa ndi kukonza makhalidwe amenewa, matanki opangira nayitrogeni angathandize kuti dongosolo la nayitrogeni liziyenda bwino.
Mapulogalamu Ogulitsa
Kugwiritsa ntchito matanki oyendera mpweya a nayitrogeni (N₂) ndikofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale komwe kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi kutentha ndikofunikira kwambiri. Popangidwa kuti azitha kulamulira kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya ukuyenda bwino, matanki oyendera mpweya a nayitrogeni amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga mankhwala, mankhwala, petrochemical ndi opanga zinthu.
Ntchito yaikulu ya thanki yopangira nayitrogeni ndikusunga nayitrogeni pamlingo winawake wa kupanikizika, nthawi zambiri pamwamba pa kuthamanga kwa makina. Nayitrogeni yosungidwayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezera kutsika kwa kupanikizika komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kufunikira kapena kusintha kwa kupezeka kwa mpweya. Mwa kusunga kupanikizika kokhazikika, matanki osungira amathandizira kugwira ntchito kosalekeza kwa makinawo, kupewa kusokonezeka kulikonse kapena zolakwika pakupanga.
Chimodzi mwa ntchito zodziwika bwino za matanki oyendera mpweya wa nayitrogeni ndi kupanga mankhwala. Mu makampani awa, kuwongolera bwino kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti mankhwala amachita bwino komanso moyenera. Matanki oyendera mpweya omwe amaphatikizidwa mu makina opangira mankhwala amathandizira kukhazikika kwa kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, motero amachepetsa chiopsezo cha ngozi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, matanki oyendera mpweya amapereka gwero la nayitrogeni pogwira ntchito zophimba, komwe kuchotsa mpweya ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tipewe kukhuthala kwa mpweya kapena zinthu zina zosafunikira.
Mu makampani opanga mankhwala, matanki ogwiritsira ntchito nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti asunge malo abwino m'zipinda zoyera komanso m'ma laboratories. Matanki amenewa amapereka nayitrogeni wodalirika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa zida, kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi kusunga umphumphu wa mankhwala. Mwa kuyang'anira bwino kupanikizika, matanki ogwiritsira ntchito nayitrogeni amathandizira kuwongolera khalidwe lonse ndikutsatira malamulo a makampani, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale chuma chofunikira popanga mankhwala.
Zipangizo zopangira mafuta zimaphatikizapo kugwira zinthu zambiri zoyaka komanso zotentha. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo ndi chofunikira kwambiri pa malo otere. Matanki oyendetsera mpweya wa nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano ngati njira yodzitetezera ku kuphulika kapena moto. Mwa kusunga kuthamanga kwamphamvu nthawi zonse, matanki oyendetsera mpweya amateteza zida zogwirira ntchito ku kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya.
Kuwonjezera pa mafakitale a mankhwala, mankhwala ndi petrochemical, matanki a nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zomwe zimafuna kuwongolera bwino kuthamanga kwa magazi, monga kupanga magalimoto, kukonza chakudya ndi zakumwa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndege. M'mafakitale amenewa, matanki a nayitrogeni amathandizira kusunga kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalekeza m'makina osiyanasiyana a pneumatic, kuonetsetsa kuti makina ndi zida zofunika kwambiri zikugwira ntchito mosalekeza.
Posankha thanki yogwiritsira ntchito nayitrogeni, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Zinthuzi zikuphatikizapo mphamvu yofunikira ya thanki, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito, ndi zipangizo zomangira. Ndikofunikira kusankha thanki yomwe ingakwaniritse bwino kayendedwe ka madzi ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito makinawo, komanso kuganizira zinthu monga kukana dzimbiri, kugwirizana ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, komanso kutsatira malamulo.
Mwachidule, matanki oyendetsera mpweya wa nayitrogeni ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya kukhale kolimba komanso kogwira mtima kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchito zake ndi zotetezeka komanso zogwira mtima. Kutha kwake kubweza kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndikupereka kuyenda kwa nayitrogeni kosalekeza kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale komwe kuwongolera molondola ndi kudalirika ndikofunikira. Mwa kuyika ndalama mu thanki yoyenera yoyendetsera mpweya wa nayitrogeni, makampani amatha kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa chiopsezo, ndikusunga umphumphu wopanga, zomwe pamapeto pake zimathandiza kuti zinthu ziyende bwino m'malo ampikisano amakampani masiku ano.
Fakitale
Malo Ochokera
Malo opangira zinthu
| Magawo a kapangidwe ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo | ||||||||
| nambala ya siriyo | pulojekiti | chidebe | ||||||
| 1 | Miyezo ndi zofunikira pakupanga, kupanga, kuyesa ndi kuwunika | 1. GB/T150.1~150.4-2011 “Ziwiya Zopanikizira”. 2. TSG 21-2016 “Malamulo Oyang'anira Zaukadaulo Zachitetezo pa Zombo Zopanikizika Zosasuntha”. 3. NB/T47015-2011 “Malamulo Owotcherera a Ziwiya Zopondereza”. | ||||||
| 2 | MPa yokakamiza kapangidwe | 5.0 | ||||||
| 3 | kupanikizika kuntchito | MPa | 4.0 | |||||
| 4 | kutentha kwa seti ℃ | 80 | ||||||
| 5 | Kutentha kogwira ntchito ℃ | 20 | ||||||
| 6 | wapakati | Mpweya/Wopanda poizoni/Gulu Lachiwiri | ||||||
| 7 | Zinthu zazikulu zopanikizira | Chitsulo chachitsulo ndi muyezo | Q345R GB/T713-2014 | |||||
| onaninso | / | |||||||
| 8 | Zipangizo zowotcherera | kuwotcherera kwa arc pansi pamadzi | H10Mn2+SJ101 | |||||
| Kuwotcherera arc yachitsulo cha gasi, kuwotcherera arc ya argon tungsten, kuwotcherera arc ya electrode | ER50-6,J507 | |||||||
| 9 | Chokwanira cholumikizira cholukana | 1.0 | ||||||
| 10 | Zopanda kutayika kuzindikira | Cholumikizira cha mtundu A, B | NB/T47013.2-2015 | X-ray ya 100%, Kalasi Yachiwiri, Ukadaulo Wozindikira Kalasi AB | ||||
| NB/T47013.3-2015 | / | |||||||
| Zolumikizira zamtundu wa A, B, C, D, E zolumikizidwa | NB/T47013.4-2015 | Kuyang'anira tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 100%, kalasi | ||||||
| 11 | Kupereka dzimbiri mm | 1 | ||||||
| 12 | Kuwerengera makulidwe mm | Silinda: 17.81 Mutu: 17.69 | ||||||
| 13 | voliyumu yonse m³ | 5 | ||||||
| 14 | Chinthu chodzaza | / | ||||||
| 15 | chithandizo cha kutentha | / | ||||||
| 16 | Magulu a ziwiya | Kalasi Yachiwiri | ||||||
| 17 | Khodi ya kapangidwe ka zivomerezi ndi giredi | gawo 8 | ||||||
| 18 | Khodi yopangira katundu wa mphepo ndi liwiro la mphepo | Kuthamanga kwa mphepo 850Pa | ||||||
| 19 | kupanikizika koyesa | Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic (kutentha kwa madzi osapitirira 5°C) MPa | / | |||||
| Mayeso a mpweya wa MPa | 5.5 (Nayitrogeni) | |||||||
| Kuyesa kulimba kwa mpweya | MPa | / | ||||||
| 20 | Zida ndi zida zotetezera | choyezera kuthamanga | Kuyimba: 100mm Mtundu: 0 ~ 10MPa | |||||
| valavu yotetezera | Kupanikizika Kokhazikika: MPa | 4.4 | ||||||
| m'mimba mwake mwa dzina | DN40 | |||||||
| 21 | kuyeretsa pamwamba | JB/T6896-2007 | ||||||
| 22 | Moyo wautumiki wa kapangidwe | Zaka 20 | ||||||
| 23 | Kulongedza ndi Kutumiza | Malinga ndi malamulo a NB/T10558-2021 “Kuphimba ndi Kunyamula Zombo Zopanikizika” | ||||||
| "Dziwani: 1. Zipangizo ziyenera kukhala zokhazikika bwino, ndipo kukana kwa nthaka kuyenera kukhala ≤10Ω.2. Zipangizozi zimawunikidwa nthawi zonse malinga ndi zofunikira za TSG 21-2016 "Malamulo Oyang'anira Chitetezo cha Zombo Zopanikizika Zoyima". Pamene kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwa zidazo kufika pamtengo wotchulidwa mu chokokeracho pasadakhale panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito zidazo, zidzayimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.3. Kuyang'ana kwa nozzle kumayang'aniridwa molunjika kwa A." | ||||||||
| Tebulo la nozzle | ||||||||
| chizindikiro | Kukula kwa dzina | Kukula kolumikizira muyezo | Mtundu wolumikizira pamwamba | cholinga kapena dzina | ||||
| A | DN80 | HG/T 20592-2009 WN80(B)-63 | RF | mpweya wolowa | ||||
| B | / | M20×1.5 | Kapangidwe ka gulugufe | Mawonekedwe oyesera kuthamanga | ||||
| ( | DN80 | HG/T 20592-2009 WN80(B)-63 | RF | malo otulutsira mpweya | ||||
| D | DN40 | / | kuwotcherera | Mawonekedwe a valavu yotetezera | ||||
| E | DN25 | / | kuwotcherera | Malo Ogulitsira Zinyalala | ||||
| F | DN40 | HG/T 20592-2009 WN40(B)-63 | RF | pakamwa pa thermometer | ||||
| M | DN450 | HG/T 20615-2009 S0450-300 | RF | dzenje la chimbudzi | ||||
