Madzi a cryogenic amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zamankhwala, ndege, ndi mphamvu. Madzi ozizira kwambiri awa, monga nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi ndi helium wamadzimadzi, nthawi zambiri amasungidwa ndikunyamulidwa m'zidebe zapadera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zisunge kutentha kochepa. Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa chidebe chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira madzi a cryogenic ndi botolo la Dewar.
Mabotolo a Dewar, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma flask a vacuum kapena mabotolo a thermos, amapangidwira makamaka kusunga ndi kunyamula zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kutentha kochepa kwambiri.Kawirikawiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena galasi ndipo ali ndi makoma awiri okhala ndi vacuum pakati pa makoma. Vacuum iyi imagwira ntchito ngati chotetezera kutentha, kuteteza kutentha kuti kusalowe m'chidebe ndikutenthetsa madzi a cryogenic.
Khoma lamkati la botolo la Dewar ndi komwe madzi oundana amasungidwa, pomwe khoma lakunja limagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga choteteza ndipo limathandiza kutetezera zomwe zili mkati. Pamwamba pa botolo nthawi zambiri pamakhala chivundikiro kapena chivindikiro chomwe chingatsekedwe kuti madzi oundana kapena mpweya usatuluke.
Kuwonjezera pa mabotolo a Dewar, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zimatha kusungidwanso m'mabotolo apadera monga matanki a cryogenic ndi masilinda. Mabotolo akuluakuluwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira zinthu zambiri kapena pa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri a cryogenic, monga m'mafakitale kapena m'zipatala.
Matanki a CryogenicKawirikawiri ndi zombo zazikulu, zokhala ndi makoma awiri zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zisunge ndikunyamula madzi ambiri a cryogenic, monga nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi kapena mpweya wamadzimadzi. Matanki amenewa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale monga azaumoyo, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira ndikunyamula madzi a cryogenic apamwamba azachipatala kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito monga opaleshoni yophimba, kuphimba, ndi kujambula zithunzi zachipatala.
Koma masilinda a cryogenic, ndi ziwiya zazing'ono, zonyamulika zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zisungidwe ndi kunyamulidwa kwa madzi ochepa a cryogenic. Masilinda awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma laboratories, m'malo ofufuzira, ndi m'malo opangira mafakitale komwe chiwiya chaching'ono, chonyamulika chimafunika ponyamula madzi a cryogenic.
Mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa chidebe chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kusunga ndi kusamalira zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kumafuna chisamaliro chosamala pa chitetezo ndi njira zoyenera zogwiritsira ntchito. Chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa kwambiri komwe kumakhudzidwa, njira zapadera zotetezera ziyenera kutengedwa kuti mupewe kuzizira, kutentha, ndi kuvulala kwina komwe kungachitike mukamagwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
Kuwonjezera pa zoopsa zakuthupi, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi zimayambitsanso vuto la kupuma ngati ziloledwa kuphwanyika ndikutulutsa mpweya wozizira wambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, njira zoyenera zopumira mpweya komanso chitetezo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti zipewe kusonkhanitsa mpweya woziziritsa kukhosi m'malo obisika.
Ponseponse, kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi kwasintha mafakitale ambiri, kuyambira pa chisamaliro chaumoyo mpaka kupanga mphamvu. Mabotolo apadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira ndikunyamula zakumwa zozizira kwambiri, monga mabotolo a Dewar,matanki a cryogenic, ndi masilinda, zimathandiza kwambiri pakuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zamtengo wapatalizi zikusamalidwa bwino komanso moyenera. Pamene ukadaulo ukupitilira, kupanga mapangidwe atsopano komanso abwino a ziwiya kudzawonjezera chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito osungira ndi kunyamula zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-21-2024
